Gastroenterology

Mechano-regulation of gene expression in the gut

Mechano-regulation of gene expression in the gut - Dr. X.Z. Peter Shi

Many gastrointestinal disorders are associated with mechanical stretch (distention). Among the stretch-related conditions are bowel obstruction, pseudo-obstruction, achalasia, pyloric stenosis, mega-colon, and constipation. They represent great digestive health challenges in adults and children. Dr. Shi and his colleagues have found that mechanical stretch induces marked expression of mechanically sensitive genes such as COX-2 in the gastrointestinal tract. This novel mechanism of mechanotranscription plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of stretch-related conditions such as bowel obstruction, pseudo-obstruction, achalasia, and constipation. Dr. Shi's lab is awarded by NIH funding to investigate mechano-regulation of gene expression in the gut. A further understanding of the signaling mechanism involved in stretch-induced gene expression in the gut will direct novel treatments towards these disorders.

The secretory function of gut smooth muscle cells

The secretory function of gut smooth muscle cells - Dr. X.Z. Peter Shi

Gut smooth muscle has long been known as a contractile tissue. Recent studies by Dr. Shi and Dr. Sarna demonstrate that gut smooth muscle cell is not just a "passive" contractile cell; it also "actively" participates in the process of inflammation and visceral sensitization by secreting cytokines, chemokines, growth factors and adhesion molecules. Further study on this novel function of gut smooth muscle cell may lead to new therapeutic targets for the treatments of inflammatory bowel disease and irritable bowel syndrome.