Dr. Stephen Molldrem will direct an NIH-funded bioethics supplement project under the parent R01 grant “Improved understanding of TB transmission by accounting for within-host heterogeneity of M. tuberculosis: A population-based molecular epidemiology study in a high HIV prevalent setting” (R01AI147336, PI Sanghyuk Shin, UC-Irvine). The bioethics supplement project was funded through a competitive NIH award process. The study will use interviews and deliberative dialogues to shed light on how TB stakeholders in greater Gaborone, Botswana understand ethical issues, risks, and benefits that accompany uses of methods from TB genomic epidemiology to understand transmission patterns.